Buildings

Indices

The following table presents the dimensions indexing the parameters and variables (stock and flows) of the MFA model for buildings.

Dimension	Index	Description
time	t	Temporal resolution, e.g. yearly values from 1950 to 2050
element	e	Individual elements
region	r	Geographical resolution, e.g. EU member states
building age cohort	a	Age cohort of detailed application sector buildings
building types	b	Building types, e.g. single-family houses, offices, educational buildings
steel products	l	Steel products, e.g. concrete reinforcing bars
insulation products	i	Insulation products, e.g. insulation (exterior wall), insulation (floor)
concrete products	o	Concrete products, e.g. transport concrete, precast concrete (reinforced and not reinforced)
glass products	g	Glass products in buildings and vehicles e.g. flat glass, container glass

Parameters

The following table presents the data structure and signification of all input parameters expected by the MFA model for buildings.

Parameter	Index	Description
Material intensity buildings	r, b, a, l, o, i, g	Differentiates the use of steel, concrete, insulation and glass in buildings by region, building type and age cohort
Building inflow	t, r, b, a	Floor space development differentiated by region, building type and age cohort
Building outflow	t, r, b, a	Floor space development differentiated by region, building type and age cohort

Variables

The following table presents the data structure and signification of the variables generated by the MFA model for buildings.

Variable	Index	Description
Material inflows for buildings	t, r, l, o, i, g	Yearly steel, insulation, concrete and glass inflows
Material outflows from buildings	t, r, l, o, i, g	Yearly steel, insulation, concrete and glass outflows

Processes

The following table lists the processes in the MFA model for buildings. We then provide a short description in plain English, an explanation of the exogenous parameters and model variables, and an algebraic formulation of the equations governing the process.

Short name	Process
EUSBuild	End use stock: Buildings

Process (EUSBuild ) “End use stock: Buildings”

Short description

Within this process, the construction and demolition of buildings is translated into material (M) in- and outflows using the respective material intensities (MI). Consequently, this process can provide input for the demand side and the waste generation side after consolidation with the other end use sectors.

Exogenous parameters

The parameter material intensity defines the share of material per square metre differentiated by building type and age cohort. The parameters building inflow and outflow define the construction and demolition of buildings differentiated by the same aspects.

Model variables

The variables material in- and outflows are determined from the construction and demolition of buildings as well as the material intensity.

Algebraic formulation

M_Inflow_Buildings = MI_Building*Building_Inflow M_Outflow_Buildings = MI_Building*Building_Outflow